A PERGUNTA
Why do false claims spread faster than corrections?
Agrupe os cartões que considera semelhantes. Os agrupamentos organizam a leitura; não decidem nada.
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Os agrupamentos formam-se pela semelhança; os nomes vêm no fim
Ordem canónica: ligue pares de ideias que considera semelhantes — as ligações são simétricas (A~B é B~A; a direção nunca importa) e uma ligação mantém-se quando 2 membros a fazem.
porquê
As ligações são simétricas — A~B é B~A. Os agrupamentos são os conjuntos que surgem das ligações que se mantêm, e só um agrupamento formado pode receber um nome, dado por uma pessoa. As suas próprias ligações têm um ✕ para as retirar; não pode remover as de outra pessoa. Os agrupamentos organizam o mural e nunca condicionam o voto — dois cartões que fazem a mesma AFIRMAÇÃO são uma fusão, no Esclarecimento.
As ligações e os nomes fazem-se enquanto o Agrupamento está ativo; o ← do dinamizador reabre-o.
agrupamento sem nome — dê-lhe um nome se o grupo tiver um fio comum, ou deixe-o sem nome (2)
So the incentive is to revise quietly rather than loudly
~ Independence is asser…Independence is asserted rather than structurally arranged (18)
~ Being wrong in public…Being wrong in public costs an institution more than being slow (17)
Independence is asserted rather than structurally arranged
~ So the incentive is t…So the incentive is to revise quietly rather than loudly (18)
agrupamento sem nome — dê-lhe um nome se o grupo tiver um fio comum, ou deixe-o sem nome (2)
Emergency powers suspend the checks that would have caught it
~ An error admitted ear…An error admitted early would have cost far less than one admitted late (15)
An error admitted early would have cost far less than one admitted late
~ Emergency powers susp…Emergency powers suspend the checks that would have caught it (15)
agrupamento sem nome — dê-lhe um nome se o grupo tiver um fio comum, ou deixe-o sem nome (2)
Anyone with relevant expertise has funding from someone with an interest
~ Declaring an interest…Declaring an interest has replaced avoiding one (13)
Declaring an interest has replaced avoiding one
~ Anyone with relevant …Anyone with relevant expertise has funding from someone with an interest (13)
agrupamento sem nome — dê-lhe um nome se o grupo tiver um fio comum, ou deixe-o sem nome (2)
Being wrong in public costs an institution more than being slow
~ Guidance was stated m…Guidance was stated more confidently than the evidence supported (22)
~ So the incentive is t…So the incentive is to revise quietly rather than loudly (17)
Guidance was stated more confidently than the evidence supported
~ Being wrong in public…Being wrong in public costs an institution more than being slow (22)
~ Reversing guidance is…Reversing guidance is used as proof the whole thing was a lie (15)
~ Nobody is assigned to…Nobody is assigned to look for evidence that the advice was wrong (15)
· ainda sem agrupamento (31)
Fact-checking grants come from the bodies whose claims are checked
A minister needs an answer this week and the study reports next year
A quiet revision looks like concealment even when it is not
Nobody is assigned to look for evidence that the advice was wrong
~ The models were right…The models were right about direction and wrong about magnitude, and only magnitude was reported (14)
~ Advice must be given …Advice must be given before the evidence is complete or it is not advice (13)
~ Guidance was stated m…Guidance was stated more confidently than the evidence supported (15)
An advisory committee's dissent is recorded and not published
A negative result is not publishable, so the record is skewed
Data behind the guidance is not released with it
Saying 'we do not know yet' is heard as incompetence
A fact-checker who contradicts a funder does not get renewed
Advice must be given before the evidence is complete or it is not advice
~ Nobody is assigned to…Nobody is assigned to look for evidence that the advice was wrong (13)
A correction arrives long after the decision it should have changed
Nobody funds the checking of the checkers
Committee members are chosen partly for being unlikely to make trouble
The press asks for a number and prints the number without the range
Political timelines and evidence timelines are different lengths
The evidence base is built from studies designed by interested parties
Retracting a paper takes years and the claim travels in days
Nobody outside can reproduce the analysis that produced the number
Nuance is stripped between the briefing and the headline
The same handful of experts sit on every committee
Reversing guidance is used as proof the whole thing was a lie
~ Guidance was stated m…Guidance was stated more confidently than the evidence supported (15)
Journals gain nothing from publishing a correction
There is no routine moment at which guidance is re-examined
A hedged message is reported as no message at all
The bodies that issue guidance also fund those who check it
Nobody has ever measured what a late correction costs
The models were right about direction and wrong about magnitude, and only magnitude was reported
~ Nobody is assigned to…Nobody is assigned to look for evidence that the advice was wrong (14)
Preprints move faster than review and are quoted as settled
The team that wrote the guidance reviews the guidance
The first statement sets the frame and every revision fights it