True Causes
PCM

GUIDE WITH PICTURES

Online deliberation formats, wey we draw

Eight ways wey group fit take tink togeda online, each one drawn as di mechanism wey e dey run on: wetin one pesin dey put inside, wetin di software dey do with am, and wetin dey comot for di oda end. Dem dey answer different questions, so di correct one depend on di question wey you get.

Opinion mapping

Wetin dis crowd dey tink, and wia im groups gree?

TOOLS Pol.is, Remesh

STATEMENTS, ONE BY ONEBuses suppose run all nightParking suppose cost moreDi centre need tramCycling lanes don doagree · disagree · passeach pesin, each statementvotesONE ROW, ONE PESINfull = e greesame pattern, same groupe don groupOPINION GROUPSgroup Agroup B“Di centre need tram”81% of A and 74% of B gree
Pipo dey vote on short statements one by one; dem dey group pipo by how dem vote, and di result na di statements wey most of evri group gree with.
WETIN PIPO DEY DOWrite short statements. Vote agree, disagree or pass on oda pipo own, one by one. Reply no dey.
WETIN DEY COMOTOpinion groups, wey dem draw from di votes, and di statements wey most of evri group gree with.
WIA DISAGREEMENT DEY GODem dey keep am as groups. Di picture dey show wia di room divide and wetin cross di divide; nobodi need resolve am.
E FIT · E STRAINThousands of pipo and question wey get sides. E no be for finding out why sometin dey happen: pesin fit gree with statement and di statement still dey wrong about di cause.

Argument tree

Dis claim true, and wetin be di best case for each side?

TOOLS Kialo

Thesis: di city suppose ban cars fromdi old townPROAir go clean pass in oneyearPROShops go get morecustomersCONDeliveries no get routeCONResidents go lose parkinge dey attackCONGo-slow go move go di ringroade dey supportPROCargo bikes don alreadydo 40%impact 4/5impact 2/5pesin fit argue against evri branch one by one; readers dey rate di impact of each claim on im parent
One thesis dey top; evri claim for or against am dey hang under am and pesin fit argue against am too. Readers dey rate how much each claim matter to di one wey dey above am.
WETIN PIPO DEY DOAdd claims for or against thesis, or against any claim wey don already dey. Rate how much each claim matter to im parent.
WETIN DEY COMOTTree of di arguments, with di strongest branches wey di readers impact ratings mark.
WIA DISAGREEMENT DEY GOE dey stay as branches. Dem no dey ever settle thesis; di tree dey record how well each side argue.
E FIT · E STRAINDebate clubs, classrooms, policy wey get yes-or-no for di top. E dey strain wen di question no be thesis but situation wey get plenti causes.

Small groups for video

Wetin dis pipo dey tink once dem don tok am through?

TOOLS Stanford Online Deliberation Platform, Frankly; di deliberative poll

SurveyBriefingSmall groupsPlenarySurvey againONE GROUP OF EIGHT, FOR VIDEOe dey tok · 1:30timed turns, queue to tok, dimoderator na softwareAGENDA1. Wetin be di problem?2. Option A3. Option B4. Wetin you go accept?OPINION, BIFOR → AFTAtram38% → 61%ban52% → 44%Dem dey survey randomsample, di sample goread di briefing, tokfor small groups, dendem go survey amagain. Di result nawetin change.
Dem dey survey sample of citizens, brief dem, dem go tok for small groups for video wey moderator dey run with timed turns, and dem go survey dem again. Di finding na how di opinion wey dem tink well differ from di first opinion.
WETIN PIPO DEY DOAnswer survey, read briefing, tok for group of eight to twelve wey moderator dey run with timed turns and agenda, den answer di survey again.
WETIN DEY COMOTOpinion wey dem tink well: how di numbers move between di two surveys, and wetin di groups ask.
WIA DISAGREEMENT DEY GODem dey measure am. Pipo dey leave with dia own view; di finding na how much di views move and for which direction.
E FIT · E STRAINRepresentative sample on public issue, with budget for recruitment and briefing. E no be for team wey need act on im own problem next week.

Proposals and decisions

Wetin we go decide, and who stand wia?

TOOLS Loomio

THREADMaraWe fit move di meeting online?TomásOnly if di minutes go betta.AnaI go take di minutes.MaraDen make we decide.raisePROPOSALMeet online from May.e go close Friday 17:00agree 9abstain 2disagree 3block 1block must tok whyrecordOUTCOMEDem decide 12 OctOnline from May.Ana go keep minutes.Review for September.discussion first, den proposal wey get deadline, den outcome wey dem record with name on each next step
Discussion thread dey lead to proposal wey get closing time; each member dey take position, block must give reason, and dem dey write down di outcome with owners.
WETIN PIPO DEY DODiscuss for thread. Somebodi go raise proposal wey get closing time; each member go take position; block must give reason.
WETIN DEY COMOTOutcome wey dem record with date, and next step with name on am.
WIA DISAGREEMENT DEY GOE dey inside di positions, and block dey stop di proposal until dem answer am.
E FIT · E STRAINCooperatives, boards, any group wey must decide and keep di record. E dey decide between proposals; e no dey tok which problem di proposals suppose address.

Participatory process

Which of di residents proposals dem go do, and with which money?

TOOLS Decidim, Consul

Proposals340 don enterSupportsthreshold 150Budget vote€200k to spendFollow-upwetin dem buildRepair diLido poolfrom one residentpool212tram stop168skate park96150 supports to reach di vote€110k pool, €60k tram stop; di€45k skate park pass di limit ande dey waiteach voter dey spend di budget onim own picks; di projects wey getdi most money dey win until dimoney finishpool60% don buildtram stop15% don builddi city dey reportprogress for each item weydem fund
Residents dey submit proposals; di ones wey get enough supports dey reach budget vote; di projects wey get di most money dey win until di money finish, and di city dey report on wetin e build.
WETIN PIPO DEY DOSubmit proposal, support oda pipo own, vote by spending budget across di ones wey reach di vote, and follow wetin di city build.
WETIN DEY COMOTList of projects wey dem fund, and public record of dia progress.
WIA DISAGREEMENT DEY GODi vote dey decide am. Dem no dey reconcile proposals wey dey compete; di one wey get more support dey get di money.
E FIT · E STRAINCities and institutions wey get money to share and legal duty to show how. E heavy to run; di question na always wetin to fund, no be why di problem dey.

Open board

Wetin dey our mind, and how e dey group?

TOOLS Miro, Mural, FigJam

EVRIBODI DEY POSTpesin dey sortFACILITATOR DEY GROUP DEMAccessCostSafetydi grouping na judgement calldot voteDOTS DEY DECIDEAccessSafetyCost3 themes, 11 dots: no recordof why, and notin dey tokwetin dey lead to wetin
Sticky notes dey go up, facilitator dey group dem into themes, and pipo dey put dots for di themes. E fast and e open; di structure na how one pesin read di board.
WETIN PIPO DEY DOPost sticky notes, move dem, group dem, put dots for di groups wey you care about. Anytin wey di facilitator set up.
WETIN DEY COMOTBoard: themes, votes, drawings. Anytin wey di room make.
WIA DISAGREEMENT DEY GOAnywia wey di facilitator put am. Notin for di tool dey record divide or how dem settle am.
E FIT · E STRAINWorkshop with good facilitator and one afternoon. Di freedom na di point and di weakness: di structure na how one pesin read di board.

Structured Democratic Dialogue

Wetin dey cause wetin, and which causes dey deepest?

TOOLS True Causes; di earlier Cogniscope and di ISM programs

Write›Explain›Bunch›Pick›Arrange›Map›Actionsone cause,no nameevribodi deywrite alone, nonamesdem dey explaineach card once,dem no dey argueamcards weyresemble dey sittogedavotes dey pick dicards to compareA get big hand forB?yes 9 · no 3e stand: 75% tok yesone pair at a time,evri pair wey matterroots (dideepest)red, dashed:argument dey12mergeRooms of about fifteen each dey work on di same question; dia maps dey merge, and link deycount wen independent rooms find am.
Pipo dey write causes without name, explain dem without debate, bunch dem and vote dem into shortlist; den di group dey judge one pair at a time whether one cause get big hand for di oda one, and di links wey reach three quarters dey form map with di deepest causes for left. Dem dey judge actions against di roots.
WETIN PIPO DEY DOWrite causes without name. Explain each one once, without debate. Bunch, vote shortlist, den judge one pair at a time: dis cause get big hand for dat one?
WETIN DEY COMOTMap of causes, di deepest for left, with evri link wey three quarters gree on and evri divide wey dem publish as argument. Dem dey judge actions against di roots.
WIA DISAGREEMENT DEY GOE dey stay for di map. Link wey no reach three quarters dey go anoda group; if dat one divide too, dem go draw am red and dashed, dem no go drop am.
E FIT · E STRAINTeam, faculty, town wey must act on problem and want know wetin dey upstream. Di pairs dey take hours; e no be quick poll.

Structured dialogue examples: one problem, eight kain map →
Rounds: room wey don finish dey hand wetin e find to di next kain map, with di same pipo wey don already dey inside →

Consensus wey AI dey mediate

One statement dey wey most of us fit stand behind?

TOOLS di Habermas Machine (Google DeepMind, 2024)

EACH PESIN DEY WRITE“Ban cars, finish.”“Only deliveries.”“Weekends first.”“Neva.”“Try am for one year.”opinionslanguagemodeldraftsSTATEMENTS WEY DEM PROPOSE“One-year trial, deliveries allowed.”group rating 4.2/5“Close for weekends first.”group rating 3.1/5“Leave am as e be.”group rating 1.8/5di model dey redraft until onestatement get di highest ratingrankings and critiques dey go back
Evribodi dey write opinion; language model dey draft statements wey suppose dey acceptable to di room; pipo dey rank and criticise dem; di model dey redraft. Wetin dey comot na di statement wey di group rate pass.
WETIN PIPO DEY DOWrite your opinion. Rank di statements wey language model draft from evribodi own, write wetin wrong with dem, rank again.
WETIN DEY COMOTDi statement wey di group rate pass, and di drafts wey e beat.
WIA DISAGREEMENT DEY GOE dey fold enter di wording. Di model dey find sentence wey go lose di fewest pipo; di views wey lose dey show only for di rankings.
E FIT · E STRAINTo find common ground for words on question wey dey divide pipo, for big size. Na di model dey write di result, so di result good only as di room trust am.

For one look

FormatDi questionOne pesin dey putWetin dey comotDisagreement na
Opinion mappingWetin di crowd dey tink?statement, voteopinion groupse dey show as groups
Argument treeDi thesis true?claim for or againsttree wey get ratingse dey stay as branches
Small groups for videoWetin dem tink afta dem tok?turn, survey answernumbers bifor/aftadem dey measure am
Proposals and decisionsWetin we go decide?position on proposaloutcome wey dem recordblock, with reason
Participatory processWetin we go fund?proposal, budget voteprojects wey dem funddi vote dey decide am
Open boardWetin dey our mind?sticky note, one dotboarddi facilitator call
Structured Democratic DialogueWetin dey cause wetin?cause, pair judgementmap of causesdem publish am as argument
Consensus wey AI dey mediateWetin all of us fit sign?opinion, rankingone statemente fold enter di wording

Most real processes dey chain two of dis ones: board to collect, map to find di causes, proposal to decide. Di formats no be rivals; dem be more like stages, and di question to ask of each one na wetin e dey leave out.

We check am for October 2026. Product names belong to dia owners. If anytin here about anoda product don old or e no fair, write to hello@mg.truecauses.org and we go correct am.

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