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行动
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障碍 · 持有链接的任何人 · 公开列出 · 已开启联盟
主持人:它的主持人(已封存)
30 人 · 28 个想法 · 2 个小组
通行证 → · 逻辑 → · 记录
↗ 分享这张地图
在其他网站上,作为实时地图:
作为图片: https://truecauses.org/d/3c4ac0e/map.svg
作为数据: 本房间每一个已判断的卡片对(CSV). 每个主张都有自己的地址 /c/3c4ac0e/<card>,列在地图下方。
发布时请注明出处: Causal map: True Causes, https://truecauses.org/d/3c4ac0e
问题

Why do medication errors keep happening?

提出该做什么,再判断每项行动能否撼动每个根源。

封存于 23 天前:这个房间已不再知道谁曾在其中;只有主持人仍然留名。它得出的结论保留。
30 人在座 (其中 29 名为模拟成员) · 针对 6 个根本原因已提出 3 项行动。添加一项,然后判断每项行动能否撼动每个原因。
正以访客身份查看。输入用户名即可加入并参与。
先给根本原因打分
为什么
本方法自身的做法,在提出任何行动之前:每个根本原因按 1–5 分打分——解决它的可行性有多高、解决它会带来多大影响、不加干预它自行解决的可能性有多大。优先考虑影响大、可行性高、自行解决可能性低的根源——优先级 = 影响 + 可行性 − 可能性。分数在小组内取平均,并显示有多少人打了分。
1 = 低,5 = 高。这是你自己的分数;旁边是小组的平均分。
根本原因可行性影响自行解决优先级
Errors are discussed as individual mistakes, not as patterns––––
Double-checking is signed without a second person actually looking––––
Handwritten charts are still used when the system is down, which is often––––
Pharmacy reviews charts a day after the first dose was given––––
Allergy information is in a different system from the prescribing one––––
Near misses are not reported because the form takes twenty minutes––––
每项行动能撼动每个根本原因吗?
竖列:大家提出的行动。横行:地图找出的根本原因。每个格子都是对一个问题的一次投票——这项行动能否显著减少那个原因?一方必须达到所投票数的 75% 才算定下;达不到,格子就保持分裂。 每个格子显示其投票分布——是 / 更糟 / 否——当其中一项达到四分之三时,该格子就定下了。
为什么
以所投票数的 75% 定下,和这里的其他所有问题一样。分裂表示有人投了票,但没有一方达到这个标准——这是一个结果,不是排队等待,它会一直保持分裂,直到足够多的人改变主意。没有人定下的格子保持未定;它永远不会变成否。逐对单独判断,能防止一项受欢迎的行动被记上它根本没触及的功劳。
行动根本原因 · 左边的行动能减少它吗?
Errors are discussed as individual mistakes, not as patternsDouble-checking is signed without a second person actually lookingHandwritten charts are still used when the system is down, which is oftenPharmacy reviews charts a day after the first dose was givenAllergy information is in a different system from the prescribing oneNear misses are not reported because the form takes twenty minutes
Staff nights by acuity score, not by bed count 讨论✗ 不,不能
4 是 / 0 更糟 / 25 否
✗ 不,不能
3 是 / 0 更糟 / 26 否
✗ 不,不能
2 是 / 0 更糟 / 27 否
⚑ 小组意见分裂
8 是 / 0 更糟 / 21 否
✗ 不,不能
3 是 / 0 更糟 / 26 否
尚未确定
A near-miss report that takes two minutes and never names a person 讨论✗ 不,不能
2 是 / 0 更糟 / 27 否
✗ 不,不能
3 是 / 0 更糟 / 26 否
⚑ 小组意见分裂
8 是 / 0 更糟 / 21 否
✗ 不,不能
3 是 / 0 更糟 / 26 否
✗ 不,不能
4 是 / 0 更糟 / 25 否
尚未确定
Protected drug rounds: a tabard and a rule that only a patient emergency interrupts 讨论✗ 不,不能
7 是 / 0 更糟 / 22 否
✗ 不,不能
6 是 / 0 更糟 / 23 否
✓ 是,它能减少这一项
27 是 / 0 更糟 / 2 否
✗ 不,不能
5 是 / 0 更糟 / 24 否
✗ 不,不能
7 是 / 0 更糟 / 22 否
尚未确定
目前杠杆作用最大
Protected drug rounds: a tabard and a rule that only a patient emergency interrupts 减少了 6 个根本原因中的 1 个
地图上的行动
显示的是房间判断过的所有行动:它直接作用于 6 个根本原因中的 1 个。 有 5 个没有直接作用。
只依据房间在行动阶段定下的格子,别无其他。绿色的根本原因至少被所显示行动中的一项减轻;灰色的,没有一项直接作用于它;红色边框表示其中某项会使它更糟。
Allergy information is in a different system from the prescribing one → The same look-alike drugs are stored next to each otherAllergy information is in a different system from the prescribing one → Alerts in the system are so frequent that they are clicked throughNear misses are not reported because the form takes twenty minutes → The same look-alike drugs are stored next to each otherHandwritten charts are still used when the system is down, which is often → Infusion pumps on the ward come from three manufacturersPharmacy reviews charts a day after the first dose was given → Night shift has one nurse for the whole bayErrors are discussed as individual mistakes, not as patterns → The same error recurs on the same drug every few monthsErrors are discussed as individual mistakes, not as patterns → Near misses are not reported because the form takes twenty minutesPatients are moved between wards mid-treatment and the chart lags behind → Discharge medication lists disagree with the inpatient chartDouble-checking is signed without a second person actually looking → Patients are moved between wards mid-treatment and the chart lags behindNight shift has one nurse for the whole bay → Interruptions during the drug round are constantInfusion pumps on the ward come from three manufacturers → Agency staff do not know the ward's conventionsAllergy information is in a different system from the prescribing oneAllergy information is in adifferent system from theprescribing one所显示的行动对这个根本原因的作用没有行动直接作用于它Handwritten charts are still used when the system is down, which is often ③ Protected drug rounds: a tabard and a rule that only a patient emergency interruptsHandwritten charts arestill used when the systemis down, which is often③所显示的行动对这个根本原因的作用1 项行动减轻它Pharmacy reviews charts a day after the first dose was givenPharmacy reviews charts aday after the first dosewas given所显示的行动对这个根本原因的作用没有行动直接作用于它Errors are discussed as individual mistakes, not as patternsErrors are discussed asindividual mistakes, not aspatterns所显示的行动对这个根本原因的作用没有行动直接作用于它Double-checking is signed without a second person actually lookingDouble-checking is signedwithout a second personactually looking所显示的行动对这个根本原因的作用没有行动直接作用于它Patients are moved between wards mid-treatment and the chart lags behindPatients are moved betweenwards mid-treatment and thechart lags behindNear misses are not reported because the form takes twenty minutesNear misses are notreported because the formtakes twenty minutes所显示的行动对这个根本原因的作用没有行动直接作用于它The same error recurs on the same drug every few monthsThe same error recurs onthe same drug every fewmonthsNight shift has one nurse for the whole bayNight shift has one nursefor the whole bayInfusion pumps on the ward come from three manufacturersInfusion pumps on the wardcome from threemanufacturersAlerts in the system are so frequent that they are clicked throughAlerts in the system are sofrequent that they areclicked throughDischarge medication lists disagree with the inpatient chartDischarge medication listsdisagree with the inpatientchartThe same look-alike drugs are stored next to each otherThe same look-alike drugsare stored next to eachotherInterruptions during the drug round are constantInterruptions during thedrug round are constantAgency staff do not know the ward's conventionsAgency staff do not knowthe ward's conventions
地图上的每个编号标出该行动所减轻的一个根本原因。
① Staff nights by acuity score, not by bed count
② A near-miss report that takes two minutes and never names a person
③ Protected drug rounds: a tabard and a rule that only a patient emergency interrupts
我们预期接下来会发生什么
关于各项行动的预测:每项应改变什么、如何衡量、何时检查。到了那一天,曾在房间里的某个人会在旁边写下实际发生了什么。
为什么
地图说明哪些行动能撼动哪些原因。它不说明是否有人做了这些行动,也不说明是否有什么改变了。这里的每一条都是一项预测,带有日期和要衡量的东西,在地图定下后写成。日期到了,实际发生的情况会写在旁边,而预测保持原样:错误的预测才是有用的那种。没有人对这些投过票,它也不改变房间发现的任何东西。
到期:24 Mar 2027
行动Staff nights by acuity score, not by bed count
预期fewer errors once the drug round cannot be interrupted
衡量指标medication errors reported per 1,000 doses
估计房间:3(15 人的中位数,范围 1.8 到 4.8)