放大视野
从一个小组的地图,到任何单个小组都画不出的关联 True Causes 不要求一个大团体达成一致。一个个小房间各自构建自己的因果地图;然后把这些地图合并起来,显示多个房间各自独立找到了什么、它们在什么上有争议,以及什么只有一个房间看到了。
这些地图背后的房间都是演示,由模拟成员而不是真人进行。
根本原因,或多个房间提出的主张 多个房间找到的关联 一个房间认定的关联 有争议⟳ 属于一个反馈回路
1. 一个房间 11 条主张 · 9 条关联 一个小组,一个问题:Why do atrocities go unpunished? 每个人提出原因;小组随后判断了入围的每一对,A 是否显著影响 B? 只有四分之三同意时才保留一条关联。最深层的原因在左边,结果在右边。为什么重要:像预警来得太晚 这样的症状,会被追溯到产生它的东西,于是力气花在原因上,而不是打补丁。谁也不能靠嗓门大取胜,因为每条关联都单独投票。
Speaking publicly ends the… 类别 1 Every state judges the case by what it costs them ⟳ Naming it triggers obligations, so it is not… So the organisation that… ⟳ 类别 1 The same states arming a party also vote on… Early warning systems produce reports nobody is… So warnings are hedged until they are unarguable,… Acting early is politically costly and acting late is… Each summary removes the part that would require… Evidence is gathered for a trial that may happen in… Warnings were clear months before anyone acted 打开实时全尺寸版本,点按任意主张 →
2. 一个问题,多个房间 多个房间 · 38 条主张 · 35 条关联 其他房间用各自的话、各自独立地问了同一个问题。它们的地图合并为一张:多个房间各自独立提出的主张只画一次,用绿色表示,而越多房间认定的关联画得越粗。没有哪个房间需要和别的房间意见一致,它的地图才算数。为什么重要:审议在一个大房间里行不通,所以它在许多小房间里进行,事后再把地图合并。一座城市可以在每个街区开一场工作坊,一家公司可以在每个地区开一场,然后看哪些原因是所有房间各自都找到的,哪些只有一个找到了。
Coverage decides which… ⑤⑥ 在 1 个房间中有 1 个能减轻 Justice is offered as a… ⑦ 在 1 个房间中有 1 个能减轻 A minister will not spend… 1 个房间 The same states arming a… 5 个房间 Speaking publicly ends the… ①④ 在 5 个房间中有 1 个能减轻 We were warned to be… ⑦ 在 1 个房间中有 1 个能减轻 The alternative to doing… ⑥⑨ 在 1 个房间中有 1 个能减轻 Early warning systems… ③④ 在 5 个房间中有 1 个能减轻 Naming it triggers… ③④ 在 5 个房间中有 1 个能减轻 Nobody coordinated, so we… ⑧ 在 1 个房间中有 1 个能减轻 Nobody was ever sacked for… 1 个房间 The report was published i… 1 个房间 What we know we cannot say… 1 个房间 Reform of the veto require… 1 个房间 The tools between words an… 1 个房间 The people in danger are… 7 在 1 个房间中有 0 个能减轻 Officials are advised that… 在 1 个房间中有 0 个能减轻 Evidence is gathered for a… 5 个房间 So warnings are hedged… 5 个房间 Sanctions are slow, blunt,… 1 个房间 Domestic politics decides… 1 个房间 So the safest position is … 在 1 个房间中有 0 个能减轻 An ambassador's career is… 1 个房间 By the time it is… 1 个房间 Nobody offers the option… 1 个房间 Every state judges the cas… ⟳ ①② 7 在 6 个房间中有 2 个能减轻 So the organisation that… ⟳ ①③④ 在 5 个房间中有 1 个能减轻 The people who decide have… 1 个房间 Each summary removes the… 5 个房间 Acting early is politicall… 7 在 6 个房间中有 0 个能减轻 Balance is a property of… 1 个房间 Being from here is treated… 1 个房间 Every proposal is heard as… 1 个房间 Warnings were clear months… 7 7 个房间 We are asked to testify fo… 1 个房间 Our own organisations are… 1 个房间 A generation grows up in a… 1 个房间 Nobody came back to tell u… 1 个房间 打开实时全尺寸版本,点按任意主张 →
3. 所有问题 36 个问题 · 连接最多的 35 条主张 · 99 条关联 再放大一层,看似无关的问题会共有一些原因。同一条主张在两个问题下都被提出的地方,不同房间认定的关联就在这里交汇,于是出现了一个任何单个房间都画不出的连接,因为没有一个房间同时被问到它的两半:这里有 4 条这样的关联。为什么重要:问题是分头处理的,住房归一个部门,医院归另一个部门,而同一个原因可能在同时推动两者。放在一起看,那少数几个位于许多问题之下的原因就会凸显出来,而正是在这些地方,一项改变可以同时帮到好几处。每条关联仍然由一个房间认定;地图集只在同一主张出现两次的地方把它们连起来。
A single wage no longer… ×4 Why does a steady life take mo The jobs here do not need… ⟳ ×3 Why is there no work here for Filter bubbles provide… ×2 Why do people like filter bubb Beds are full because nobody… ×3 Why is the emergency departmen Companies concentrate demand… Why is housing unaffordable in Algorithms prioritize… Why do people like filter bubb People want to avoid… Why do people like filter bubb Nobody in a position to hire… ⟳ ×3 Why is there no work here for Careers advice is one… ⟳ ×3 Why is there no work here for We cannot afford the time it… ⟳ Why do young people leave town Building anything takes year… ×3 Why has housing become so expe Every state judges the case… ×7 Why do atrocities go unpunishe Acting early is politically… ×7 Why do atrocities go unpunishe Rents rise faster than wages… ×3 Why has housing become so expe Housing shortages are treate… Why is housing unaffordable in People enjoy having their… ⟳ Why do people like filter bubb People seek information that… ⟳ Why do people like filter bubb They provide psychological… ⟳ Why do people like filter bubb People wait hours in a… ×3 Why is the emergency departmen Algorithms prioritize… ⟳ ×2 Why do people like filter bubb People crave confirmation of… ⟳ Why do people like filter bubb People feel good when… ⟳ Why do people like filter bubb People prefer comfort and… ⟳ Why do people like filter bubb People want to feel validate… ⟳ Why do people like filter bubb They reduce the effort neede… ⟳ ×2 Why do people like filter bubb They seek comfort and… ⟳ Why do people like filter bubb Young people leave and do no… ×3 Why is there no work here for Assets rose faster than wage… ×3 Why does a steady life take mo Developers have an incentive… Why is housing unaffordable in Residents voting may not wan… Why is housing unaffordable in The same patients come back… ×3 Why is the emergency departmen People feel safe and secure… Why do people like filter bubb The things that used to be… ×3 Why does a steady life take mo People who work in the city… Why is housing unaffordable in Transportation costs offset… Why is housing unaffordable in 打开实时全尺寸版本,点按任意主张 → 这使什么成为可能 公共政策 同一议题上的许多地方工作坊,合并成一张地图,显示各小组各自独立找到了哪些原因。
组织 不同地点的团队分别为同一个故障绘制地图;合并后可以看出他们是否卡在同一个瓶颈上。
跨机构 从未见面的小组从各自的角度为一场危机绘制地图;地图集显示他们的原因在哪里相连。
研究 每条关联、每个计票和每个房间都有记录,所以一项发现可以被核对、引用和重复。
准备好提出一个真实的问题了吗? 和你的团队、你的组织或你的社区开一个房间,或同时开多个房间。每个房间构建自己的地图;合并后显示它们共有哪些原因、在哪里不同。
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